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Lupus, Vol. 11, No. 12, 850-855 (2002)
DOI: 10.1191/0961203302lu306rr

Reviews

Tumour necrosis factor alpha in systemic lupus erythematosus and anti-DNA autoantibody production

R A Mageed

Department of Immunology and Molecular Pathology, Royal Free and University College London, The Windeyer Institute, 46 ClevelandStreet, London, W1T 4JF, UK ra.mageed{at}ucl.ac.uk

D A Isenberg

The Centre for Rheumatology, Royal Free and University College London, London, UK

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF{alpha}) is a cytokine with a wide range of diverse and at times paradoxical effects. Theseinclude immunoregulatory,lymphoid organogenesisand pro-inflammatory effects. In recent years, TNF{alpha} has become a focus of interest more for its inflammatory effects in a number of chronic autoimmune diseases. This interest culminated in the successful treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's diseases and ankylosing spondylitis with blocking antibodies or soluble TNF{alpha} receptors. Paradoxically, however, TNF{alpha} also has immunomodulatory effects in some autoimmune conditions such as lupus in some mouse models of the disease and in diabetes in the none-obese diabetic mouse. The role TNF{alpha} plays in human systemic lupus erythematosus is, however, controversial. In this article we review some of the studies carried out to elucidate the effects of TNF{alpha} in lupus disease and likely mechanisms of action. Further, we discussrecent data on the likely effects of blocking TNF{alpha} on anti-DNA autoantibody production.

Key Words: cytokines • lupus • antibodies


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