This Article Full Text (PDF) References Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Soares, M. Articles by Cardoso, C R. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Soares, M. Articles by Cardoso, C R. Pubmed/NCBI databases Medline Plus Health Information Lupus Social Bookmarking                         What's this?

Rate, pattern and factors related to damage in Brazilian systemic lupus erythematosus patients

Internal Medicine Department, University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Instituto Nacional de Cancer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, msoares{at}microlink.com.br

L Reis

Internal Medicine Department, University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

J AS Papi

Internal Medicine Department, University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

C RL Cardoso

Internal Medicine Department, University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

The Systemic Lupus InternationalCollaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Damage Index (SDI) is an accepted instrument to ascertain damage. It has been shown to vary among differentSLE populations.The aim of this study was to assess SDI score, pattern and factors related to damage in Brazilian SLE outpatients. The SDI was obtained in 105 patients with a median age of 41 (5-95%, 19-61.7) years and a median SLE duration of 127 (17.6-345.9) months. Patients had a median SDI of 2 (0-8) and 81.9% had some damage (SDI > 0). Damage was associatedwith a higher number of ACR criteria for SLE in multivariate analysis (OR 2.32, 95%CI 1.23-4.37, P 0.009). Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) (OR 9.82, 95%CI 2.74-35.23, P < 0.001), methylprednisolone pulses (OR 3.91, 95%CI 1.19-12.81, P 0.024), age (OR 1.70, 95%CI 1.02-1.13, P 0.011) and prednisone use duration (OR 1.01, 95%CI 1.002-1.02, P 0.020) were related to severe damage (SDI 4). Hypertensionwas associated with renal, cardiac and atherosclerotic damage, as cyclophosphamide pulses were with premature menopause. In conclusion, damage was very frequent in Brazilian SLE patients, mainly due to skin involvement, compared to other SLE populations. The presence of APS was the major independent contributor to the development of severe damage. Arterial hypertension was identified as a common risk factor for renal, cardiac and atherosclerotic damage.

Key Words: antiphospholipid syndrome • arterial hypertension • damage index • morbidity • systemic lupus erythematosus

Lupus, Vol. 12, No. 10, 788-794 (2003)
DOI: 10.1191/0961203303lu447xx


CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				C. Cardoso, F. Signorelli, J. Papi, and G. Salles Initial and accrued damage as predictors of mortality in Brazilian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a cohort study Lupus, November 1, 2008; 17(11): 1042 - 1048. [Abstract] [PDF]

				L M Vila, M J Molina, A M Mayor, R A Peredo, M L Santaella, and S Vila Clinical and prognostic value of autoantibodies in Puerto Ricans with systemic lupus erythematosus Lupus, December 1, 2006; 15(12): 892 - 898. [Abstract] [PDF]

				A Coelho, M I. Souto, C R. Cardoso, D R Salgado, T R Schmal, M W. Cruz, and J A de Souza Papi Long-term thalidomide use in refractory cutaneous lesions of lupus erythematosus: a 65 series of Brazilian patients Lupus, June 1, 2005; 14(6): 434 - 439. [Abstract] [PDF]