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Lupus, Vol. 14, No. 12, 964-966 (2005)
DOI: 10.1191/0961203305lu2229cr

JC virus meningitis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus

J-F Viallard

Service de Médecine Interne et Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, Pessac Cedex, France, jean-francois.viallard{at}chu-bordeaux.fr

E Ellie

Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier de la Côte Basque, Bayonne, France

E Lazaro

Service de Médecine Interne et Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, Pessac Cedex, France

M-E Lafon

Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux Cedex, France

J-L Pellegrin

Service de Médecine Interne et Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, Pessac Cedex, France

The human neurotropic JC virus (JCV) is most commonly acquired during childhood, and, because no clinical illness has been associated with primary infection, is presumed to be asymptomatic. In the immunocompromised host, JCV is responsible for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). We describe a patient with longstanding systemic lupus erythematosus who presented with acute meningitis without encephalitis or PML. JCV was the only pathogen found in the cerebrospinal fluid suggesting a primary infection or symptomatic reactivation. Our observation demonstrates the expanding clinical importance of JCV in autoimmune diseases, and diagnostic tests for JCV should be included in the investigative work-up for meningitis or encephalitis in these patients.

Key Words: JC virus • meningitis • systemic lupus erythematosus


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