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Cytomegalovirus infection induces expression of 60 KD/Ro antigen on human keratinocytes

Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, The Montreal General Hospital Research Institute, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1A4 Canada

To investigate the effect of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection on the expression of Ro autoantigen in human keratinocytes, the binding of anti-Ro peptide antibodies (anti-60 KD/Ro, anti- 52 KD/Ro and anti-calreticulin) to cultured human keratinocytes was detected by fixed cell enzyme- linked immunoassay (ELISA), immunofluorescence, flow cytometry (FACS) analysis and immunoblotting. There was a significant increase in the binding of anti-60 KD/Ro antibody but not anti-52 KD/Ro or anti-calreticulin antibody to the surface of cultured keratinocytes at 24 h after CMV infection compared with uninfected cells, by ELISA and immunofluoresence. Surface binding of anti-60 KD/Ro was found in 71.2% (±5.5%) of CMV-infected cells compared with 26.2% (±4.1%) of untreated cells (P < 0.05) by FACS analysis. Similar observations were made with a human serum which contained anti-60 KD/Ro antibodies. Immunoblotting was used to analyse total cellular 60 KD/Ro antigen expression in keratinocytes infected with CMV or without infection. No increase in the intensity of the 60 KD band was found in extracts of the CMV-infected cells, suggesting that the 60 KD/Ro antigen is redistributed from the cytoplasm to the cell surface after viral infection. The effects of CMV infection on cell cultures were compared with those of ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation. The 60 KD/Ro, 52 KD/Ro and calreticulin were all induced on the UVB-irradiated cell surface but no significant synergistic effect of UVB and CMV was found. This study provides evidence that CMV infection induced 60 KD/Ro antigen expression on the surface of human keratinocytes, suggesting that CMV may play a role in development of skin lesions in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Key Words: Ro autoantigens • calreticulin • keratinocytes • cytomegalovirus • ultraviolet B light

Lupus, Vol. 4, No. 5, 396-406 (1995)
DOI: 10.1177/096120339500400511


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