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Review : Elevated levels of anticardiolipin antibodies and epilepsy in lupus patients

Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine; National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

C-R. Wang

Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital

C-J. Chen

Institute of Epidemiology, College of Public Health

R-C. Chen

Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital

C-Y. Chuang

Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital

I-P. Chiang

Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital

M-C. Tsai

Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine; National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

To examine the association between anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies and epilepsy, we inves tigated the serum titers of aCL antibodies in a total 252 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients recruited in a prospective study. Twenty-one cases with epilepsy which were not attributable to any causes other than SLE were identified after being followed-up for five years. The clinical manifestations were recorded and blood samples were tested for the presence of aCL antibodies (IgG, IgM and IgA isotypes). Among 21 patients with epilepsy, 12 (57.1%), 2 (9.5%) and 2 (9.5%), respectively, had elevated baseline serum levels of IgG, IgM and IgA aCL antibodies. There was a dose-response relationship between risk of seizure and the baseline serum level of aCL antibodies (P < 0.01). The odds ratio of developing seizure were 3.7 for those who had a high level of aCL antibodies compared with those without a detectable level of aCL antibodies as the referent. Our results indicate that epilepsy as a primary neuropsychiatric event among lupus patients is associated with a high titer of aCL antibodies.

Key Words: systemic lupus erythematosus • epilepsy • anticardiolipin antibodies

Lupus, Vol. 5, No. 4, 307-312 (1996)
DOI: 10.1177/096120339600500412


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