Lupus

 

Advanced Search

Journal Navigation

Journal Home

Subscriptions

Archive

Contact Us

Table of Contents

SAGETRACK

Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
This Article
Right arrow Abstract Freely available
Right arrow Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in ISI Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to Saved Citations
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Request Reprints
Right arrow Add to My Marked Citations
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Peralta-Ramírez, M I
Right arrow Articles by Pérez-García, M
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Peralta-Ramírez, M I
Right arrow Articles by Pérez-García, M
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati  
What's this?
Lupus, Vol. 15, No. 12, 858-864 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0961203306071404

Stress as a predictor of cognitive functioning in lupus

M I Peralta-Ramírez

School of Psychology, University of Granada, mperalta{at}ugr.es

M Á Coín-Mejías

School of Psychology, University of Granada

J Jiménez-Alonso

Systemic Autoimmune Disease Unit, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves

N Ortego-Centeno

Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain

J L Callejas-Rubio

Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain

A Caracuel-Romero

School of Psychology, University of Granada

M Pérez-García

School of Psychology, University of Granada

The objective of this study was to investigate the possible effects of the daily stress experienced during a six-month period on the cognitive functioning of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). For this purpose, we evaluated the daily stress of 21 patients with lupus every day for six months. Later, we carried out a neuropsychological exam that included an evaluation of attention and memory. At the same time, scores on depression and anxiety were recorded with the objective of controlling other emotional variables that might be influencing these cognitive processes. The results show that daily stress was able to predict the scores on the neuropsychological variables studied. Specifically, the daily stress experienced in the previous six months is the variable with the greatest explanatory-predictive power on the scores for delayed recall visual memory, visual fluency and attention speed. This relationship proved to be negative in all three cases (R2 corr = 0.290; t = –2.712, P < 0.014); (R2 corr = 0.318; t = –2.818, P < 0.012); (R2 corr = 0.319; t –2.906, P < 0.009), which means that the greater the daily stress, the lower the score on visual memory, fluency and total attention speed. We can state that daily stress is related to impairments in visual memory, fluency and attention in patients with SLE. This effect was not found with other emotional variables, such as depression and anxiety.

Key Words: attention • memory • stress • systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

References

  • Haupt M. Psychiatric disorders in rheumatic diseases, as exemplified by systemic lupus erythematosus. Z Rheumatol 2004; 63: 122-130.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • ACR Ad Hoc Committee on Neuropsychiatric Lupus nomenclature. The American college of rheumatology nomenclature and case definitions for neuropsychiatric lupus syndromes 1999. Arthritis Rheum 1999; 42: 599-608.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Ainiala H, Loukkola J, Peltola J, Korpela M, Hietaharju A. The prevalence of neuropsychiatric syndromes in systemic lupus erythematosus. Neurology 2001; 57: 496-500.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Denburg SD, Carbotte RM, Denburg JA. Cognitive impairment in SLE: a neuropsychological study of individual and group deficits. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 1987; 19: 323-339.
  • Sabbadini MG, Manfredi AA, Bozzolo Eet al. Central nervous system involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus patients without overt neuropsychiatric manifestations. Lupus 1999; 8: 11-19.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Spangenberg JJ, Möller AT, Hugo FJ, Halland AM, Whitelaw DA. The nature and prevalence of neuropsychological impairment in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Studia Psichologic 2000; 42: 123-133.
  • Monastero R, Bettini P, Del Zotto Eet al. Prevalence and pattern of cognitive impairment in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with and without overt neuropsychiatric manifestations. J Neurol Sci 2001; 184: 33-39.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Skeel RL, Johnstone B, Yangco DT, Walker SE, Komatireddy GR. Neuropsychological deficit profiles in systemic lupus erythematosus. Appl Neuropsychol 2000; 7: 96-101.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Hanly JG, Fisk JD, Sherwood G, Jones E, Jones JV, Eastwood B. Cognitive impairment in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol 1992; 19: 562-567.[ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Hay EM, Black D, Huddy Aet al. Psychiatric disorder and cognitive impairment in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1992; 35: 411-416.[ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Ferstl R, Niemann T, Biehl G, Hinrichsen H, Kirch W. Neuropsychological impairment in autoimmune disease. Eur J Clin Invest 1992; 22: 16-20.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Papero PH, Bluestein HG, White P, Lipnick RN. Neuropsycologic deficit and antineuronal antibodies in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Exp Rheumatol 1990; 8: 417-424.
  • Ginsburg KS, Wright EA, Larson MGet al. A controlled study of the prevalence of cognitive dysfunction in randomly selected patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1992; 35: 776-782.[ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Adams SG, Dammers PM, Saia TL, Brantley PJ, Gaydos GR. Stress, depression and anxiety predict average symptom severity and daily symptom fluctuation in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Behav Med 1994; 17: 459-477.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Schubert C, Lampe A, Rumpold Get al. Daily psychosocial stressors interfere with the dynamics of urine neopterin in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: An integrative single-case study. Pychosom Med 1999; 6: 876-882.
  • Wekking EM, Vingerhoets AJJ. Daily stressors and systemic lupus erythematosus: A longitudinal analysis-first findings. Psychother Psychosom 1991; 55: 108-113.[ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Dostal C, Marek J, Moszkorzova L, Lacinova Z, Musilova L, Zvarova J. Effects of stress on serum prolactin levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2002; 966: 247-251.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Schubert C, Lampe A, Geser Wet al. Daily psychosocial stressors and cyclic response patterns in urine cortisol and neopterin in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2003; 28: 459-473.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Schubert C, Geser W, Noisternig B, Konig P, Rumpold G, Lampe A. Stressful life events and skin diseases: An additional perspective from research on psychosomatic dynamics in systemic lupus erythematosus. Psychother Psychosom 2002; 71: 123-126.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Kozora E, Ellison MC, Waxmansky JA, Wamboldt FS, Patterson TL. Major life stress, coping styles and social support in relation to psychological distress in patients with systemic lupus erythemotosus. Lupus 2005; 14: 363-372.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Peralta-Ramirez MI, Jimenez-Alonso J, Godoy-Garcia JF, Perez-Garcia M. The effects of daily stress and stressful life events on the clinical symptomatology of patients with lupus erythematosus. Psychosom Med 2004; 66: 788-794.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • McEwen BS, Gould E. Adrenal steroid influences on the survival of hippocampal neurons. Biochem Pharmacol 1990; 40: 2393-2402.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Tan EM, Cohen AS, Fries JFet al. The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1982; 25: 1271-1277.[ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Peralta MI, López F, Godoy JF, Godoy D, Sánchez MB, Pérez M. Validación de la detección de cambio del inventario de estrés cotidiano. Psicología Conductual 2002; 10: 343-354.
  • Spielberg CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene RE. STAI. Cuestionario de Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo. Manual, (4th edition revised). TEA Ediciones SA, 1993.
  • Beck AT, Steer RA, Garbin MG. Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory: Twenty-five years of evaluation. Clinical Psychology Review 1988; 8: 77-100.[CrossRef][ISI]
  • Benedet MJ, Alejandre MA. Manual del Test de Aprendizaje Verbal España-Complutense (TAVEC). Ediciones TEA, 1998.
  • Myer JE, Myer KR. Manual del Rey Complex Figure Test and Recognition Trial. Psychological Assessment Resources, 1995.
  • Ruff RM, Allen CC. Ruff 2&7 Selective Attention Test. Professional Manual. Psychological Assesment Resources, 1996.
  • Ruff RM. Ruff Figural Fluency Test. Professional Manual. Psychological Assesment Resources, 1996.
  • Bombardier C, Gladman DD, Urowitz MB, Caron D, Chang CH. The development and validation of the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). Arthritis Rheum 1992; 35: 630-640.[ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Gladman D, Urowitz MB, Goldsmith C, Fortin P, Ginzler E, Gordon C. The reliability of the SLICC/ACR damage index in patients with SLE. Arthritis Rheum 1997; 40: 809-813.[ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Heaton RK, Grant I, Matthews CG. Comprehensive norms for an expanded Halstead-Reitan battery. Psychological Assessment Resources, 1991.
  • Salpolsky RM, Krey LC, McEwen BS. The neuroendocrinology of stress and aging: the glucocorticoid cascade hypothesis. Endocr Rev 1986; 7: 284-301.[ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Sephton SE, Studts JL, Hoover Ket al. Biological factors associated with memory function in fibromyalgia syndrome. Health Psychology 2003; 22: 592-597.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Lupien SJ, Gaudreau S, Tchiteya BMet al. Stress-induced declarative memory impairment in healthy elderly subjects: Relationship to cortisol reactivity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82: 2070-2075.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Lupien SJ, de Leon M, de Santi Set al. Cortisol levels during human aging predict hippocampal atrophy and memory deficits. Nat Neurosci 1998; 1: 69-73.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Lupien SJ, Fiocco A, Wan Net al. Stress hormones and human memory function across the lifespan. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2005; 30: 225-224.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Sauro MD, Jorgensen RS, Pedlow CT. Stress, glucocorticiods and memory: a meta-analitic review. Stress 2003; 6: 235-245.[ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Embard R, Sondergaard HS, Theorell T. Impairments in short-term memory, and figure logic, in PTSD patients compared to healthy controls with the same ethnic background. Stress and Health 2005; 21: 33-33.[CrossRef]
  • De Quervain DJF, Roozendaal B, Nitsch RM, McGaugh JL, Hock C. Acute cortisone administration impairs retrieval of long-term declarative memory in healthy human subjects. Nature Neuroscience 2000; 3: 313-314.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Newcomer JW, Selke G, Melson AKet al. Decreased memory performance in healthy humans induced by stress-level cortisol treatment. Archives of General Psychiatry 1999; 56: 527-533.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Cardinali DP, Cutrera RA, Esquifino AI. Psychoimmune neuroendocrine integrative mechanisms revisited. Biol Signals Recept 2000; 9: 215-230.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Kozora E, Laudenslager M, Lemieux A, West ST. Inflammatory and hormonal measures predict neuropsychological functioning in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis patients. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2001; 7: 745-754.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]

Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati    What's this?



This Article
Right arrow Abstract Freely available
Right arrow Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in ISI Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to Saved Citations
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Request Reprints
Right arrow Add to My Marked Citations
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Peralta-Ramírez, M I
Right arrow Articles by Pérez-García, M
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Peralta-Ramírez, M I
Right arrow Articles by Pérez-García, M
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati  
What's this?